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[lastpost] => 2682846 彭博分析师预计比特币ETF期权将于 2025 年 Q1 推出 1728526620 比推快讯
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扩容新思路?一文读懂模块化公链Celestia
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作者:Chole 可扩展性一直是区块链技术被广泛采用的最大障碍之一,尽管已经有不少L1扩展解决方案,但大多数都专注于共识层而不是数据可用性。 一直以来,区块链都是执行状态机复制的分布式网络,分成了数据、共识、执行这三层。这也是基于互联网创建货币的关键点,也就是引入一种外部无法干预的共识系统,而最初中本聪所提出的解决方案则是引入“中本聪共识”让全世界的人都可以维护和运转比特币。 在这些单体区块链中,数据、共识、执行这三层工作全都会由一个网络来完成,从数据的验证到交易的执行都得透过节点执行。 且由于区块链是全局复制的分布式状态机,因此若复杂度越高、系统保持同步性的成本和复杂度也就越高。Roll-up 则将执行层分离出去,处理复杂交易,解决了一部分问题。例如 Arbitrum 在 L1 嵌入了特定的操作码,让节点刻意绕过 EVM 调用数据,只会存储验证这些交易,而不会执行它。 不过 Roll-up 就必须监控 L1 并且执行调用交易以便计算,再以不同方式将返回 L1。这些交易实际上必须通过 ETH 网络进行路由,才能在 Roll-up 上执行。 目前 ETH 已经有 Optimism、ZKsync 和 Starknet 等基于 Roll-up 的扩展解决方案以及基于执行层的桥梁,例如,Connext、Composable、Axelar等。然而,这些扩展解决方案的数据可用性还是依赖于以太坊的共识层与执行层,且目前以太坊执行层使用成本仍然很高,开发者可部署的范围还是很有限。 而第一个模块化区块链网络 Celestia 即将在今年上线,并支持 Roll-up 成为其数据可用层。 1. |
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