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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。
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路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-8025
# ?+ Q* y! [4 Y& {" P; A这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。) g1 a* d' S, a9 s* m: M; ]
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。
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重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。$ B) m/ M# j" u3 Q' G+ B3 H
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这为什么重要？
6 W; l- V" _0 G9 o+ J现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。! T7 |8 [* B) J- A, u( r
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零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。7 w R8 i9 B0 T" m, V
% x E# g' V5 o更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。! x0 |5 M2 D" X- h; s/ o7 C; e
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如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。
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安全、架构和全局
F3 O/ o* F" S W% H9 e# k根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。3 w, u' Y8 ^. T7 v$ [5 d+ V
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声明内容如下：
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/ J8 B, B8 P q% {2 u7 T这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。4 i; S% O* A# |. \. u2 v
2 _2 F( d7 ?$ M# W8 M3 k除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。* w l# L5 V+ b9 k3 W' ]
" I2 r/ X$ Q6 t2 u, r最后想说的话0 G \# Y1 e8 n" J
EIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。
( ?9 U" r- M3 b以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。& A5 {, h) x6 q/ \
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这波升级要是成了，矿工节点怕是要卷出新高度啊，坐等看谁先吃上螃蟹。 |
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( z, P) }6 z9 J( w# y可能也就是个完善吧，真的那么重要吗 |
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确实，技术升级能让验证更高效，但节点选择升级的节奏还是得看自身情况， |
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这升级看着挺牛，以后验证快多了，节点压力小了，这种普通用户也能更安心冲了 |
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