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区块链的重要特色 K( T( Z* ]8 M$ r; x% s+ U8 W, s3 Z
( r( A; r% E# }; i" W' N ]$ o
" d4 |! Y2 D4 \$ p
首先，对区块链需要的第一个理解是，它是一种“将资料写录的技术”。如同前述，区块链起源于中本聪( Satoshi Nakamoto )的比特币，因此区块链就是作为比特币的底层技术，是一个「去中心化的分散式资料库」，通过集体维护让区块链里面的资料更可靠，或是可以把它理解成是一个全民皆可参与的电子记账本，一笔一笔的交易资料都可以被记录。区块链技术可以说是互联网时代以来，最具颠覆性的创新技术，依靠复杂的密码学来加密资料，再通过巧妙的数学分散式演算法，让互联网最让人担忧的安全信任问题，可以在不需要第三方介入的前提下让使用者达成共识，以非常低的成本解决了网路上信任与资料价值的难题。 3 c; \% {) a! p/ d Q
区块链的重要特色6 G7 D0 G! h$ R1 z" E# X5 |1 [+ f
' g( d9 K# W$ p% @ ^& w) {" u一，去中心化 ( a1 | T4 C- e5 Y. g: y9 `& R
区块链有几个最重要的特色，首先就是它的核心宗旨──去中心化，为了强调区块链的共享性，让使用者可以不依靠额外的管理机构和硬件设施、让它不需要中心机制，因此每一个区块链上的资料都分别储存在不同的云端上，核算和储存都是分散式的，每个节点都需要自我验证、传递和管理，这个去中心化是区块链最突出也是最核心的本质特色。
}8 K( ]' j5 H! G4 ]3 u! O Z4 o* j1 {
二，不可篡改性 - l1 A/ M$ |# K0 e+ l
区块链的另一大特色是其不可篡改性。区块链中的每一笔资料一旦写入就不可以再改动，只要资料被验证完就永久的写入该区块中，其中的技术是通过Hashcash算法，通过一对一的函数来确保资料不会轻易被篡改，这种函数很容易可以被验证但却非常难以破解，无法轻易回推出原本的数值，资料也就不能被篡改，每个区块得出的值也会被放进下一个区块中，让区块链之间的资料也都被正确的保存。 |
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