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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。
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5 O" [3 `* n' x& s路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-80253 J; s0 k' l) b% J5 g
这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。) x: U% o6 B2 P5 q' B9 }1 o
$ s8 Q+ N6 c4 c# ?+ n与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。& z& E6 u& V: ?: E0 o
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重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。
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1 I: J- I/ _/ [/ F& k! P& ?这为什么重要？
+ s* n) ~& E" v5 |3 B2 v现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。! G9 }2 }, f9 A7 m/ M
; j! L' ]1 {: B7 o零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。
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更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。/ S; e% A& J& l' o: y
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如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。
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安全、架构和全局- o9 E) n. A. ~9 n0 e. ]
根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。
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- W* A! E4 }1 b& B3 Q声明内容如下：2 ^/ O1 t- m' g# O- _4 A
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这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。
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% K( v) r0 D/ U0 s) t2 w" U除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。7 J# A* B& ^# V
" z# r/ w( s$ K% w4 n3 b- w最后想说的话
# U0 S# O. q. W) U, c2 TEIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。0 [! Z0 M6 i, x+ t" _; |
以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。+ V" o8 x/ g, X0 E9 ?3 r6 t4 H& K
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[2 H9 j1 x2 p' g# A' u: J7 d# R看来大家转来的东西，来源相同了 |
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这波升级真香，节点压力小了，验证也更高效了，感觉以后跑全节点轻松不少 |
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技术升级看着挺厉害的，到时候运行节点是不是更省心了 |
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